rules.RmdThe package comes with basic functions to specify constraints within your optimizer model, in order to better tune your lineups.
First step here is to get player IDs. Using an optimizer object, you can get individual player IDs by name like so:
# Opt is an optimizer object
single_player_id <- get_player_id(opt, name = 'Sidney Crosby')Or, you can use get_player_data, which will return a data.frame of player data, where you can filter by name to get IDs
player_data <- get_player_data(opt)
multiple_player_ids <- player_data[fullname %in% c('Carey Price', 'Sidney Crosby')]$idIf you’d like to omit specific players, you can block by ID.
# Single Player
opt <- block_players_by_id(opt, player_ids = single_player_id)
# Blocking multiple players uses the same syntax
opt <- block_players_by_id(opt, player_ids = multiple_player_ids)If you want to ensure that specific players are included in all lineups.
# As with blocking, player_ids can be a scalar or vector of IDs
opt <- lock_players_by_id(opt, player_ids = pids)Useful in cases where you want to stack players from the same team together. For instance, you may want to stack a QB and a WR together.
# Stacking QB and WR from the same team together
opt <- opt %>%
add_team_stack(positions = c('QB', 'WR'))You can specify the number of stacks - so if you want TWO separate QB/WR stacks, you can use:
# Stacking QB and WR from the same team together
opt <- opt %>%
add_team_stack(positions = c('QB', 'WR'), nstacks = 2)At times, you may wish to have an additional optional position; say, you want to stack a QB/WR pair and one additional player of either TE, RB, or WR:
# Stacking QB and WR from the same team together
opt <- opt %>%
add_team_stack(positions = c('QB', 'WR'), opt_positions = c('TE','WR','RB'))Lastly, for HOCKEY, add_team_stack can accept an additional parameter, within_lines, which when set to TRUE, will limit the possible stacks specifically to include players on the same line. Note, this is represented in the depth slot for players, so it requires that one set specific values of depth (e.g., Sidney Crosby is depth = 1, whereas Evgeni Malkin is depth = 2) for each player.
# Stacking QB and WR from the same team together
opt <- opt %>%
add_team_stack(positions = c('C', 'W'), opt_positions = c('D'), within_lines = TRUE)Useful in cases where you want to ensure opposing positions from two teams aren’t included in the lineup, like preventing one team’s QB and the other team’s DST.
Here’s an example that prevents the lineups from including one team’s goalie and any forward or defenseman on the opposing team.
opt <- opt %>%
restrict_opposing_positions(pos1 = c('C','W','D'), pos2 = 'G')When you want to ensure that two positions from opposite teams are included. For example, if you want to ensure that the lineups included at least one pair of Team A’s QB and Team B’s WR.
opt <- opt %>%
force_opposing_positions(pos1 = 'QB', pos2 = 'WR')
# Set Carey Price's maximum exposure to .75
carey_price_id <- get_player_id(opt, name = 'Carey Price')
opt <- opt %>%
set_player_max_exp(carey_price_id, .75)
# Set Nate Mackinnon's minimum exposure to .6
mackinnon_id <- get_player_id(opt, name = 'Nate MacKinnon')
opt <- opt %>%
set_player_min_exp(mackinnon_id, .6)Sometimes you want to set global exposures, so that no single player is selected for a lineup more than X% of the time. You can use the global maximum exposure for that.
NOTE: Individual player exposures supersede the global exposures. So, if you set Sidney Crosby’s Max-Exposure to .8, and the global max to .5, Sidney Crosby may end up in 80% of your lineups, while no other player will be greater than 50%.
The following sets the global max exposure to 50% – so no single player will be selected in more than 50% of lineups. (The actual percentage of lineups can fluctuate slightly dependent on whether the total number of lineups you produce is evenly divisible by the percentage exposure)
opt <- opt %>%
set_max_exposure(.5)This has no effect on slates where no FLEX/UTIL positions are included.
# Set the FLEX or UTIL position in the lineup to include only WR
opt <- opt %>%
set_flex_positions(positions = c('WR'))
# Or set it to by WR or RB
opt <- opt %>%
set_flex_positions(positions = c('WR', 'RB'))Set the maximum number of players allowed to repeat across lineups. This is useful for increasing cross-lineup variability.
# Set it so that the maximum number of players shared across lineups is 5
opt <- opt %>%
set_max_overlap(overlap = 5)
# Set the minimum budget to 40000
opt <- opt %>%
set_min_budget(40000)
# Set the maximum budget to 45000
opt <- opt %>%
set_min_budget(45000)This applies to Draftking’s Captain Mode and Fanduel’s MVP mode, where one player is designated a multiplier position, where their salary and pts are doubled.
Sometimes, you may want to limit the set of players who are eligible for this position (e.g., you definitely want either a QB or a WR, not DST or TE)
# Specific the multiplier position to be either a QB or a WR
opt <- opt %>%
set_multiplier_position(positions = c('QB', 'WR'))In dfsOptimizer variance can added as a percentage change from the projected points. In other words, if you add a global variance of 10%, a player with a projected 60 points may enter the model with anywhere between 54 and 66 points, while a player with projected 20 points will have a range of 18 to 22.
This variance can be set globally, but can also be set at the player level.
Note well that like exposure levels, player-level variance supersedes global variance. So you can set a global variance, then specify variance for select players individually.
# Set Optimizer global variance to 10%
opt <- opt %>%
set_global_variance(variance = .10)
# Set Carey Price's fpts to vary by plus-or-minus 25%
ID <- get_player_id(opt, 'Carey Price')
opt <- opt %>%
set_player_variance(id = ID, variance = .25)Several methods exist for setting team-specific values.
To increase variance in your lineups, you may wish to specify the number of teams to use. Note that this value has a default that’s based on the sport, site, and contest type, so changing it may create lineups that don’t meet slate requirements.
# Set minimum number of teams to 6
opt <- set_min_teams(opt, min_teams = 6)Users may want to limit the number of teams selected in a given lineup in order to maximize team stacking possibilities.
# Set maximum number of teams to 6
opt <- set_max_teams(opt, max_teams = 6)You can also specific how different teams should be represented in the lineups.
Provide instructions for a maximum number of teams.
# Force the lineup to include a maximum of two players
# from BUF, and prevent any CLE players from being included in the lineup
opt <- set_players_per_team(object = opt,
players_per_team = list(BUF = 2, CLE = 0))You can set the lineup to use an exact number of players by setting exact = TRUE
# Set lineup to include exactly three SF players, and exactly two DAL players
opt <- set_players_per_team(object = opt,
players_per_team = list(SF = 3, DAL = 2),
exact = TRUE)By passing a logical vector to exact, you can specify whether to use max or exact values for each team in players_per_team independently.
# Include up to 3 players from NYG, and exactly two players from TEN
opt <- set_players_per_team(object = opt,
players_per_team = list(NYG = 3, TEN = 2),
exact = c(FALSE, TRUE))